Pundit ClaimsAI claims by Gary Marcus and Ed Zitron, with the evidence

“Instead, big tech has found itself peddling increasingly-more-expensive iterations of near-identical Large Language Models — a direct result of them all having to use the same training data, which it’s now running out of.”

Godot Isn't Making it, paragraph 23. The full statement is at the source.

Our reading, the sentence that was checked:

Big tech's LLMs are increasingly expensive, near-identical iterations because they all use the same training data, which is running out.

Assessment: Unresolved Evidence as of

Where and when Ed Zitron wrote it

Where's Your Ed At, Godot Isn't Making it, paragraph 23.

Said
Source observed
live page, full text, public
Evidence as of
the cutoff for this assessment
Assessment recorded
assessment wyea-godot-isnt-making-it-85796e-a1

We recorded 33 claims from this post. See every claim from this post.

The wording above is the version this site observed on 2026-10-28. The source may have been edited after 2024-12-03. This page does not claim the wording was captured then.

What the claim commits to

Kind
Causal claim
Deadline, as the speaker wrote it
None stated. This site does not add one.
Deadline state when assessed
No horizon
Deadline state on 2026-10-29
No horizon (the release’s reference date)

From the speaker

  • increasingly-more-expensive iterations
  • near-identical Large Language Models
  • a direct result
  • all having to use the same training data
  • now running out of

Our interpretation

  • Assess the frontier-model development cycle discussed in 2024 through publication.
  • Read 'near-identical' as little meaningful difference in capabilities or useful behavior, not literally identical model weights.
  • The surrounding discussion primarily concerns development and operating costs; customer prices are a plausible alternative reading.
  • Read shared data as substantially overlapping usable training material. The causal claim requires evidence that limited data explains the cost and capability pattern.
  • 'Running out' means a binding or worsening shortage of useful new data, not necessarily complete exhaustion.

Counts as supported if: Comparable evidence shows rising costs and little meaningful capability improvement across the relevant developers, and identifies shared, increasingly scarce training data as a substantial cause.

Counts as contradicted if: Comparable evidence shows substantial capability or cost improvements inconsistent with the claimed pattern, or establishes that the asserted shared-data bottleneck does not explain it.

Retrospective: these criteria were written after the outcome was public.

Current assessment

Does the evidence support the cause?

Outcome: Unresolved

The record was checked, and the evidence available by the cutoff does not settle it.

Scored on a plain reading. The speaker named no measure for this claim, so it was judged on the reading an informed reader would take, stated below under our interpretation. Both reviews had to find that reading fair.

Evidence as of
Deadline state when assessed
No horizon
Assessment recorded
Policy version
2026-10-28.7

Rationale

There is evidence for rising training costs and a reported data bottleneck affecting Orion's coding performance. That does not establish that all major developers use effectively the same data or that this explains near-identical models. Anthropic's reported improvements at unchanged customer prices also complicate the claim. The broad causal conclusion remains unsettled.

Limitations

  • The strongest specific support comes from reporting on anonymous sources.
  • Training costs, operating costs, and customer prices are different measures.
  • Company benchmarks do not independently establish real-world capability gains.

Evidence (4 items)

  • Supports the claim: Bloomberg, syndicated by Yahoo Finance,

    coding data

    Why it matters here: This supports a narrower causal link between insufficient coding data and one model's disappointing results. It relies on anonymous sources because the internal evaluations and datasets were not public.

    Publisher
    Bloomberg, syndicated by Yahoo Finance
    Kind of source
    News report
    Describes events of
    Public from
  • Context only: arXiv; Cottier and colleagues,

    2.4x per year

    Why it matters here: The study supports a historical rise in training costs. Its scope is broader than the particular 2024 LLM iterations and does not establish dataset scarcity as the cause.

    Publisher
    arXiv; Cottier and colleagues
    Kind of source
    Preprint, not peer reviewed
    Describes events of
    Public from
  • Context only: Epoch AI,

    between 2026 and 2032

    Why it matters here: This projects exhaustion of usable public human-generated text under specified trends. It neither establishes that useful data was already exhausted in 2024 nor excludes shortages in particular domains.

    Publisher
    Epoch AI
    Kind of source
    Preprint, not peer reviewed
    Describes events of
    Public from
  • Context only: Anthropic,

    the same price and speed

    Why it matters here: Anthropic reports coding and tool-use gains without higher customer prices. This challenges the customer-price reading, but customer prices do not measure development or operating costs.

    Publisher
    Anthropic
    Kind of source
    Company disclosure: the company describing itself, not an independent finding
    Describes events of
    Public from

What would settle it

Comparable model costs, independent capability evaluations, and dataset disclosures or controlled experiments showing whether shared data scarcity caused the claimed pattern.

Where it was said (1)

Said once in the sources this register covers.

  • : Where's Your Ed At, Godot Isn't Making it

    Instead, big tech has found itself peddling increasingly-more-expensive iterations of near-identical Large Language Models — a direct result of them all having to use the same training data, which it’s now running out of.

    Published
    2024-12-03
    Source observed
    , live page
    Access
    full text, public

History

Assessment versions

Recorded events

  1. Assessment publishedBy this site

    First assessment published after both reviews and the final-text check passed.

    About assessment wyea-godot-isnt-making-it-85796e-a1.